苹果浓缩汁常见质量问题慨述

概述了苹果浓缩汁易出现的质量问题果汁褐变、二次混浊、后混浊、嗜酸耐热菌,及其出现原因、调控机理.     

早熟西瓜新品种大宝的选育

大宝西瓜是以347为母本,355为父本配制的一代杂种,早熟,生长势中等,主蔓第7～8节着生第1雌花。全生育期93d(天)左右,果实发育期28～30d(天),果实椭圆形,果形指数1.3左右,单瓜质量3～4kg。果皮墨绿色,厚0.8～1.0cm,有白霜,坚韧,耐运输。果肉红色,口感好,中心含糖量9.5%～10.0%,最高可达11.0%。中抗枯萎病,适于华北地区早春保护地或露地早熟栽培,每667m2产量2500kg左右。     

罗汉果生产技术研究的思路与发展对策

探讨了罗汉果生产技术研究思路，提出选育、引进优良品种，培育茎尖脱毒壮苗，建立种薯基地，采用容器无土栽培、平地栽培、设施栽培，施用天敌真菌、接种VA菌根真菌防治根结线虫等技术建议。     

落叶果树休眠期管理技术措施

进入休眠期，各种病菌和害虫以不同方式、形态潜伏于隐蔽场所越冬，发育阶段较一致，场所较集中、稳定，便于消灭；树体抗性较强，防治方法简便易行，并能起到一方多治、事半功倍的效果，为消灭或减少翌年初侵染及为害来源的关键时期。     

甲酸钙的合成、测定及其在乳猪料中的应用

甲酸钙作为一种饲料添加剂,能降低和调节胃肠道pH值、促进营养物质的消化和吸收。本文系统介绍了甲酸钙的合成和检测方法,并介绍了甲酸钙作为饲料添加剂的作用效果。     

Comparison of morphology, viability, and function between blood and milk neutrophils from peak lactating goats

The morphological features of blood and milk neutrophils from peak lactating goats were compared using light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and flow cytometry in order to investigate the cytological changes of neutrophils after migration into the mammary gland. The kinetics of reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) generation and gelatinase release of blood and milk neutrophils, with or without stimulation of phorbol 12-myristate, 13-acetate ester (PMA), were used to characterize their responses to inflammatory stimuli. Neutrophils isolated from goat milk were highly segmented and contained multi-lobed nuclei. Ultrastructurally, milk neutrophils were more ruffled on the surface compared to blood neutrophils. Approximately 30% of milk neutrophils were undergoing cell death, either necrosis or apoptosis, in contrast to 8% of blood neutrophils. The ROI production of activated milk neutrophils peaked earlier than blood neutrophils, but the duration and the intensity were much less. Neutrophils from both sources augmented the release of gelatinase in response to PMA (1 ng/mL). However, the amount of gelatinase released from milk neutrophils was lower (P < 0.05) than that of blood neutrophils. In summary, more neutrophils become apoptotic and necrotic in the mammary gland, presumably due to spontaneous aging, the process of diapedesis, and the interaction with milk components. Milk neutrophils have impaired functionalities in comparison with blood neutrophils. The information is relevant when studying mammary gland immunity and related diseases, such as mastitis.     

大蚕、蛹组织切片核酸特异染色技术的探讨

本文对大蚕、蛹的石蜡切片制作及其核酸特异染色方法进行探讨，针对虫体大和蛹体壁高度丁质化特点，对组织固定，脱水、透明、透蜡的时间相应的增加和固定前蛹皮剪开，在截位时要考虑切片段两头保留一段仅用来起保护作用的部分，并采用了二种核酸特异染色方法染色。结果表明：制片设计方案基本可行，部分细节需进一步改进；甲基绿-派罗宁（昂纳-帕彭海姆）染色法的切片组织颜色层次分明，DNA含量丰富的丝腺组织呈紫黑色，其它组织的DNA呈紫红色，RNA呈淡红色，改良的甲基绿一派罗宁染色法的切片组织颜色偏淡；孚尔根染色法的切片组织颜色层次分明，核酸呈紫红色，其它无色，能较好的以颜色的深浅来判断核酸的丰度。更理想的染色方案还有待进一步摸索。     

莠去津原药中莠去津及主要杂质的气质联用分析研究

本文通过采用气质联用(GC—MS)法对莠去津原药中莠去津及其它杂质进行分析鉴定，从而了解莠去津原药中的杂质情况和质量状况，用以指导工业生产。     

枣新品种‘延川狗头枣’

 ‘延川狗头枣’为鲜食、制干兼用中晚熟枣新品种。果实大、卵圆形或锥形，似狗头状。单果平均质量18.7 g，最大25.4 g；果肉细脆，汁液中多，味酸甜；鲜食、干制品质优良。适宜平均气温10—11l℃ 、降雨量500 mm左右的北方地区栽培。